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'(No Model.)

0.1 A. HIN'R'IOHS & 0.. REISTLE. STUDENT LAMP.

No. 247,824. Patented 001;. 4,1881.

05M mj mw NY PETERS. Plmtamhogmplmn Washiugwn. D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT Carton.

CHARLES F. A. HINRIOHS AND CHARLES REISTLE, OF BROOKLYN, NEW

YORK, ASSIGNORS 'IO SAID HINRIOHS.

STUDENT- LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 247,824, dated October 4, 1881.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, CHARLES F. A. HIN- RIGHS and CHARLES REISTLE, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Student- Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

Argand lamps have been made with a contracted deflector rising slightly above the wick, and usually known as the solar lamps.

In our improved student-lamp the parts are constructed in such a manner that we are able to combine with the gallery, spring chimneyholder, and connection to the wick-raiser a contracted deflector, that rises above the wick and concentrates the air upon the base of the flame, so as to allow of the use of a chimney that is enlarged around the flame, instead of having a contracted neck in the chimney, as heretofore usual. We alsomake use of a peculiar connection between the burner-tube and the oilsupplying tube, whereby great strength is obtained and risk of leakage avoided.

In the ordinary student-lamp the shade-ring has a downward projection, that enters into a square tubular socket upon the oil-tube near the standard. When the shade-ringis removed this tubular socket is objectionable, and the union of the base of this socket with the oiltube is not strong; hence it is liable to break with the leverage of the shade-ring.

We make the cast metal for the slide of the standard with vertical guide-slides at the sides and fork the socket for the shade-ring, so as to pass into the guide-slides, and thus allow the separation of the shade-ring socket and oiltube; but when the parts are together they are very strong.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of the lamp with the deflector, chimney-holder, and portions of the oil tube in section. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the end of the oil-tube that is connected to the burner-tube. Fig. 3 represents a portion of the burner-tube. Fig. 4 is a section at the line 00 a" of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the socket for the shadering, and Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a detail.

The reservoir to is of ordinary character, and

so,a1so,is the ballor hollowornamentb,through which the tube 0 passes, that slides upon the standard that supports the lamp. At the side of the ball I) opposite to the reservoir the tube 61 extends and terminates as a hub, e, that passes into the drawn metal tube f, and extends to the burner-tube g. The hub e and tube fare soldered together, and the hub f is, by preference, made with a small hole for the oil to pass.

It is well known that the oil. required for a lamp will flow through a very small hole. We use only the small hole in the hub 6, so as to check the oil and lessen the amount that will run out if the lamp is upset or unduly tilted.

The tube cl, between the'hub e and ball f, is preferably square, and itis provided with ribs 2 2, especially on the vertical sides thereof, to form guideslides for the prongs at the lower end of the socket h, and to this socket h the shade-ring h is directly connected, or else the downward projection i from the shade-ring enters the said socket h.

It is to be understood that if the upper end of the socket h is directly connected with the shade-ring, then the fork at the lower end of the socketis lifted out from between the guidesli'des 2 2, when the shade-ring is to be removed. If the shade-ring has the projection i entering the upper end of this socket h, then the parts may be separated either at the top or bottom ofthe socket for removing the shadering; and in cases where it is preferred to fasten the socket h to the tube d it can be done by soldering the fork into the guide-slides, so as to make a very firm connection.

Where the end of the oil-tube f is attached to the burner-tube g there is usually a coupling-ring, 1, around the angle between the two tubes. This is generally filled with solder; and in cases where the lamp overflows and catches fire this solder is sometimes melted and the burner drops off.

Efforts have been made to screw the oil-tube fto the burner-tube g; but the metal of the latteris thin, and difficulties arise in so doing. To obviate this we make use of prongs o 0, preferably three, at theend of the tube f, passing into mortises in the burner-tube g, and

spread outwardly and clinched, soas to make a very close and firm j oi nt. The tubes are also soldered together, and the ring I is applied, as usual, to strengthen the parts and form an ornament. We also make a teat, 12, upon the burner-tube g,passingoutwardlyinto the lower end of the tube, f, and perforate the same with a small hole. This teat serves a twofold purpose of stiffening the metal where the mortises are introduced for the prongs o and of a detainer to prevent oil flowing freely through the tube 1 if the lamp is upset. \Vhen the parts are being soldered together the solder accumulates between the base of the teat and the interior of the tube f, to strengthen thejoint, as seen in the enlarged section, Fig. 6.

The wick-raising device is the same as in the ordinary student-lamp; and nis thetu'oearound the burner-tube g, that interlocks at the upper end with the slotted cylinder 1) of the wickraiser, and at the lower end of this cylinder at there is the gallery and spring chimneyholder 0'.

s is a deflector, restingat its lower end upon the gallery, and the upper end rises above the wick t, and it is contracted so as to direct the air upon the base of the flame, and through the cone there are holes at a to allow air to pass up between the deflector and the chimney. By employing this deflector s weare enabled to dispense with a contracted neck in the chimney and to use the form of chimney represented in the drawings, which doesnot refract the flame or lessen the brilliancy thereof, as is liable to be the case. with the ordinary contracted-neck chimney.

e are aware that the top of the cone in a lamp has been slightly above the wick; but there were not chimney-springs or a gallery, as in the student-lamp; also, that a chimney with a shoulder has been used with a deflector that rises above the wick.

In our improvement the bulging chimney is held by the springs around the gallery, and the deflector rests also upon the gallery, thus allowing the solar deflector to be used with the ordinary sttulent-burnei. and the bulging chimney by which the flame is allowed to spread, so that the combustion will be perfect, instead ofthe flame beingcontracted and smoking at the top of the chimney.

We claim as our invention 1. The oil-tube fin a student-lainp, having at its end prongs, in combination with the burner-tube g, having mortises through which the prongs are passed and clinched, the parts being soldered together, and the burner-tube having a small hole for the passage of the oil, substantially as set forth.

2. The tube (I, having ribs upon its sides, forming guide-slides, in combination with the socket It for the shade-ring, having downward prongs adapted to pass into such guideslides, as set forth.

8. The combination, in an Argand studentlamp, oi'a wick-raising device, a gallery around the burner connected with the wick-raiser, a spring chimney-holder and bulb-chimney, supported by the gallery, a deflector, also supported by the gallery and rising above the top of the wick and slightly contracted, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

Signed by us this 27th day ofJannary, A. D. 1881.

O. F. A. HINRIOHS. OHS. REISTLE.

Witnesses:

G120. '1. PINCKNEY, OnAs. I-I. SMITH. 

